In a 6-2 decision in City and County of San Francisco v. Sheehan, the Supreme Court declined to decide whether Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires police officers to accommodate suspects who are armed, violent, and mentally ill when bringing them into custody. When police officers entered Teresa Sheehan’s room in a group home for persons with mental illness she threatened to kill them with a knife she held, so they retreated. The officers reentered her room and she still had the knife in her hand. One officer pepper sprayed Sheehan but she refused to drop the knife so the officers shot her multiple times. San Francisco agreed with Sheehan that Title II of the ADA applies to arrests but argued that Sheehan wasn’t a qualified individual with a disability because she was a “direct threat” to the officers. Because the parties agreed that Title II applies to arrests the Court dismissed this issue as improvidently granted. The Court held the officers were entitled to qualified immunity though they reentered her room rather than attempted to accommodate her disability. Even assuming that “any reasonable, competent officer on notice that it is unreasonable to forcibly enter the home of an armed, mentally ill suspect who had been acting irrationally and had threatened anyone who entered when there was no objective need for immediate entry,” no precedent clearly establishes there was no objective need for immediate entry here where Sheehan could have gathered more weapons or escaped. The State and Local Legal Center (SLLC) filed an amicus brief in this case supporting San Francisco.
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